The treatment for prostrate cancer depends upon the age of the patient and the stage of the disease. The patient must consult- a urologist, oncologist and a radiation specialist to chart out the right treatment.

Treatments may involve:

1. Active surveillance

It refers to observation and regular monitoring without invasive treatment. The regular monitoring of PSA (prostrate specific antigen) and DRE (digital rectal examination) helps. It is preferred, in early stage of slow-growing prostate cancer in older men, and when the patient has other diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and hypertension, they do not tolerate aggressive chemotherapy and radiotherapy.

2. Natural Therapy

PSA lowers in men, using a vegan diet (fish allowed), regular exercise, and stress reduction. The Wonderful variety of pomegranate juice 8 oz daily or genistein, an isoflavone found in various legumes, 60 mg per day, also helps. A diet rich in cruciferous vegetables, lycopene in tomatoes and beta carotene in pumpkins, vitamin E in nuts and selenium in plants, sea foods and meats, helps.

3. Surgery (Prostectomy)

Early stage prostate cancer, or for cancer, which has failed to respond to radiation therapy. Prostrate is excised partially or wholly, depending upon the spread. Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy, LRP, is a new way to approach the prostate surgically with intent to cure.

4. Radiation therapy

Radiotherapy treats all stages of prostate cancer. It uses ionizing radiation to kill prostate cancer cells by external beam radiation therapy. CT scans and MRIs, help target those areas. In Prostate brachytherapy, tiny metal pellets containing radioactive iodine or palladium are used. The seeds give off radiation to the immediate surrounding area, killing the cancer cells.

5. Cryosurgery or cryoablation

Highly purified Argon gas freezes the cancer cells. In initial stages, cryosurgery has a 10-year biochemical disease free rate superior to all other treatments including radical prostatectomy and any form of radiation with fewer urinary complications.

6. Hormone therapy

There are several forms of hormonal therapy:

Orchiectomy:Surgery is done to remove the testicles to reduce testosterone levels.

Antiandrogens-They directly block the actions of testosterone and

DHT within prostate cancer cells, DHEA- Medications,block the production of adrenal androgens.

GnRH antagonists, suppress the production of LH directly, while GnRh agonists, suppress LH through the process of down regulation after an initial stimulation effect.

A Trial I study (N=21) found that Abiraterone Acetate caused dramatic reduction in PSA levels and Tumour sizes in aggressive end-stage prostate cancer for 70% of patients

7. Palliative care

It is for advanced stage, focusing on extending life and for symptomatic relief in metastatic disease. Chemotherapy slows disease progression. Bone pain is treated with opioid pain reliever, external beam radiation therapy and injections of radioisotopes, such as strontium-89, phosphorus-32, or samarium-153. 8. High Intensity Focused Ultrasound (HIFU) It uses, high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) to destroy the tissue of the prostate. During the HIFU procedure, sound waves heat the prostate tissue and destroy the cancerous cells.

References :Wikipedia and Prostrate Cancer Foundation.

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